Trends in planktonic copepod diversity in reservoirs and lotic stretches in a large river basin in South America
Gilmar Perbiche-Neves A D , Geoffrey A. Boxshall B , Marcos G. Nogueira C and Carlos E. F. da Rocha A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Universidade de São Paulo (USP), IB, Departamento de Zoologia, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, n. 321, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
B The Natural History Museum (NHM), Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
C Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), IBB, Departamento de Zoologia, Distrito de Rubião Júnior s/n, CEP 18618-970, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
D Corresponding author. Email: gilmarpneves@yahoo.com.br
Marine and Freshwater Research 65(8) 727-737 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF13109
Submitted: 26 April 2013 Accepted: 8 November 2013 Published: 16 June 2014
Abstract
Copepod assemblages were analysed across La Plata River basin, the second largest in South America. High values of species richness and Shannon–Wiener diversity were found in the lower Paraná River, the main and largest river of the basin, and in eutrophic reservoirs located in the upper basin. The species richness was negatively correlated with turbidity, probably because of the negative impact on filtration rates in calanoids. There was a trend of decreasing richness correlated with high water flow in reservoirs with short water-retention time (<40 days) and simple morphometric shape, and also in deeper oligo-mesotrophic reservoirs with very long water-retention time and dendritic shape (variables that occurred in combination in the present study). The number of copepod species (46) found in our study is only about half of the gamma diversity estimated using Jack1 non-parametric analysis for the basin (86 species). There are groups of copepod species typical of reservoirs and rivers, and others that can occur in both of these habitat types. Reservoir and lentic species are favoured by a deeper water column, higher temperatures and higher transparency, whereas the opposite is the case of typical riverine species. There is also a group of species that occur in both sets of conditions.
Additional keywords: crustaceans, diversity, ecology, freshwater, lentic, limnology, running water.
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