Novel multimarker comparisons address the genetic population structure of silvertip sharks (Carcharhinus albimarginatus)
M. E. Green
A B C D , S. A. Appleyard A B , W. White A B , S. Tracey C , F. Devloo-Delva A C and J. R. Ovenden D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
B CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection, National Research Collections Australia, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
C Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
D Molecular Fisheries Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Chancellors Place, Saint Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: madeline.green@utas.edu.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 70(7) 1007-1019 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18296
Submitted: 13 August 2018 Accepted: 1 February 2019 Published: 16 April 2019
Abstract
The silvertip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus) is a reef-associated shark, with an intermittent distribution across the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Owing to global declines, the species is listed as Vulnerable under the International Union of Conservation for Nature Red List. Samples from 152 C. albimarginatus were collected from three locations: Papua New Guinea (PNG), east Australia and Seychelles. Samples were analysed using mitochondrial, microsatellite and double-digest restriction-associated DNA (ddRAD) generated single nucleotide polymorphism markers. As expected across a vast oceanic expanse, no gene flow was identified between south-west Pacific locations and Seychelles for any marker (population differentiation measured using ΦST values 0.92–0.98, FST values 0.036–0.059). Mitochondrial DNA indicated significant population structuring between PNG and east Australia (ΦST = 0.102), but nuclear markers suggested connectivity between these geographically close regions (FST = 0.000–0.001). In combination with known telemetry movements for C. albimarginatus, our results suggest stepping-stone patterns of movement between regions is likely driven by reproductive requirements. The use of three distinct marker types in this study has facilitated a powerful genetic description of the population connectivity of C. albimarginatus between the three sampled regions. Importantly, the connectivity described between PNG and east Australia should be used as a guide for managing the south-west Pacific stock of C. albimarginatus.
Additional keywords: elasmobranch, fisheries management, microsatellite, mitochondrial DNA, reef shark, population genetics, single nucleotide polymorphisms.
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