Diversity in immature-shark communities along a tropical coastline
Peter M. Yates A C , Michelle R. Heupel A B , Andrew J. Tobin A , Stephen K. Moore A and Colin A. Simpfendorfer A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
B Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld 4810, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: peter.yates2@my.jcu.edu.au
Marine and Freshwater Research 66(5) 399-410 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14033
Submitted: 6 February 2014 Accepted: 8 September 2014 Published: 8 January 2015
Abstract
Effective conservation and management of shark populations is complicated by our limited understanding of their spatial ecology. For example, there are scarce data on diversity in community structure and nursery function across broader geographic scales (e.g. across multiple inshore systems) and the implications of this diversity for shark populations. Accordingly, fishery-independent surveys were undertaken to investigate shark communities along ~400 km of the tropical eastern coast of Australia (18.1–20.6°S, 146.0–148.8°E). A variety of shark species were encountered, with 19 species of Carcharhiniformes contributing 99.2% of the total shark catch. Of the 1806 sharks captured, 567 were immature, including 336 young-of-the-year individuals. Immature sharks from 18 species were present; however, interspecific variation in the proportions of life-history stages was apparent. Multivariate analyses identified significant spatial heterogeneity in immature-shark communities. Results also highlighted the importance of tropical coastal habitats for numerous shark species, and indicated community-wide spatial structuring of sharks on the basis of body size rather than life-history stage. In addition to building on traditional shark-nursery paradigms, these results demonstrated that data on nursery function from restricted areas may not accurately portray patterns occurring over broader geographic scales, and this diversity may provide population-level benefits for sharks.
Additional keywords: community structure, elasmobranch, portfolio effect.
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