Condition index and chemical composition of meats of Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea commercialis) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) at four sites in Port Stephens, NSW

Abstract

Adult Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea commercialis) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were kept on commercial oyster leases at three intertidal sites in Port Stephens, New South Wales, and subtidally under an experimental raft at a fourth site between July 1988 and September 1989. Oysters were sampled from each site at approximately monthly intervals for chemical and histological analysis. Condition index and percentage glycogen of Pacific oysters were higher than those of Sydney rock oysters during winter and spring but tended to be lower during summer and autumn. Gonads of Pacific oysters matured two months earlier than those of Sydney rock oysters, with spawning being observed at all sites in October. Sydney rock oysters spawned later during December-January and did not lose as much condition after spawning as Pacific oysters.

The absolute amount of glycogen in the meats of both species dropped at the expense of protein and lipid as the oysters became fully ripe. For both species, general condition of the oysters was best when they were grown subtidally under the raft, although both species were badly affected by invasion of the protistan parasite Mikrocytos roughleyi at this site. Poorest overall condition for both species occurred at a site (Karuah River) that experienced decreased salinities and increased turbidity after rain. Highest condition indices were found in Sydney rock oysters, at the site most dominated by coastal conditions (Corrie Island).