Variations in life-history traits in exploited and unexploited populations of Perth herring (Nematalosa vlaminghi): evidence for density-dependent growth?

Kimberley A. Smith; Sybrand Alexander Hesp; Peter G. Coulson

doi:10.1071/MF23134

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Previous Next Contents Vol 75(3)

Variations in life-history traits in exploited and unexploited populations of Perth herring (Nematalosa vlaminghi): evidence for density-dependent growth?

Kimberley A. Smith

^A ^* , Sybrand Alexander Hesp ^A and Peter G. Coulson ^A ^B

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, North Beach, WA, Australia.

^B Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania College of Sciences and Engineering, Hobart, Tas., Australia.

^* Correspondence to: kim.smith@dpird.wa.gov.au

Handling Editor: Haseeb Randhawa

Marine and Freshwater Research 75, MF23134 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF23134

Submitted: 4 July 2023 Accepted: 30 January 2024 Published: 20 February 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Context

Fishing can reduce population biomass, allowing remaining individuals to grow faster and mature earlier because of greater resource availability, which potentially compensates for lost reproductive output over a shortened lifespan resulting from fishing mortality.

Aims

To compare life-history traits of Nematalosa vlaminghi, a long-lived (20 years), semi-anadromous fish endemic to south-western Australia, in exploited and unexploited populations living in similar environments.

Methods

Populations were sampled in 2016–2018. Total mortality (Z) was estimated using catch-curve analyses, allowing for annual recruitment variability. Maturation age and length was estimated by logistic regression analysis. Growth curves were fitted to length-at-age data.

Key results

Compared to the unexploited population, Z was 2.6 times greater, juvenile growth was more than twice as fast, and maturity was attained at least 3 years earlier in the unexploited population.

Conclusions

Results supported the hypothesis of faster growth in exploited populations because of density-dependent processes. Environmental factors may also have contributed to trait differences between populations.

Implications

Faster growth and earlier maturation may partly compensate for lost reproductive output in exploited populations, although severe age truncation owing to fishing is still likely to decrease population resilience in this species, irrespective of any compensatory density-dependent processes.

Keywords: ecology, estuarine, fish, fisheries, growth, life history, mortality, population dynamics.

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