Genetic analyses reveal declining trends and low effective population size in an overfished South African sciaenid species, the dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicus)
Luca Mirimin A B G , Brett Macey C , Sven Kerwath C D , Stephen Lamberth C E , Aletta Bester-van der Merwe A , Paul Cowley E , Paulette Bloomer F and Rouvay Roodt-Wilding A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Molecular Breeding and Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, JC Smuts Building, van der Bijl Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
B Marine and Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Galway, Ireland.
C Fisheries Research and Development, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Private Bag X2, Roggebaai, Cape Town, 8012, South Africa.
D Department of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
E South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.
F Molecular Ecology and Evolution Program, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
G Corresponding author. Email: lmirimin@gmail.com
Marine and Freshwater Research 67(2) 266-276 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14345
Submitted: 03 November 2014 Accepted: 10 February 2015 Published: 22 June 2015
Abstract
Overfishing has led to the collapse of many marine fish stocks along the South African coast, particularly species characterised by predictable distribution patterns and vulnerable life-history traits. Dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicus) is an estuarine-dependent sciaenid fish that has been severely depleted by overfishing and is currently managed by suboptimal management measures aggravated by poor enforcement and compliance to regulations. The present study utilised microsatellite markers to evaluate levels of genetic diversity and population structuring of dusky kob along the South African coast, including five estuarine areas. Results showed signatures of bottlenecking, low and declining trends of effective population size and weak differentiation among samples collected along 2000 km of coastline, indicating that dusky kob continues to be subject to the detrimental influence of fishing pressure. Additionally, because dusky kob is a key species in the emerging South African aquaculture sector, parentage analyses were used to successfully identify the origin of first-generation (F1) individuals from a commercial hatchery, hence allowing traceability of farmed products and discrimination between wild and farmed fish. Findings from the present study provided essential information to aid future management of wild populations, as well as to establish sustainable fish farming.
Additional keywords: aquaculture, fisheries management, microsatellites, overfishing.
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