Interpretation of statolith microstructure in reared hatchling paralarvae of the squid Illex argentinus
Mitsuo Sakai A D , Norma Brunetti B , Marcela Ivanovic B , Beatriz Elena B and Kazuyoshi Nakamura CA National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, 5-7-1 Orido, Shimizu 424-8633, Japan.
B Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero, Paseo Victoria Ocampo No.1. B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina.
C Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, 1551-8, Taira-machi, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan.
D Corresponding author. Email: sakaimit@affrc.go.jp
Marine and Freshwater Research 55(4) 403-413 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF03148
Submitted: 19 September 2003 Accepted: 29 March 2004 Published: 22 June 2004
Abstract
To identify sub-daily or aperiodic increments of statolith growth in the ommastrephid squid Illex argentinus, we examined statolith microstructure, especially with regard to the natal ring, where counting of daily growth increments should begin, and the widths of subsequent daily increments. Paralarvae obtained by artificial fertilisation were incubated on board at different temperatures ranging from 11.4 to 25.4°C, and were starved throughout the experiments. We observed statolith growth from newly hatched to 10-day-old paralarvae and used alizarine complexone staining to attempt validation of the growth. The maximum statolith radius (MSR) of newly hatched paralarvae was constant at 21.1 μm across the full range of temperatures, with the exception of 25.4°C. Daily growth of MSR was analysed separately in two phases, the pre-yolk-absorption phase (i.e. yolk sac still present) and the post-yolk-absorption phase. During the pre-yolk-absorption phase, the daily growth rate (DGR, y) of the MSR varied from 3 to 7 μm day–1 depending on rearing temperature (x) and was expressed as y = 0.37x – 1.77. We concluded that the natal ring forms at 21 μm MSR. The initial increment width obtained from the DGR of MSR seems applicable for distinguishing daily rings from sub-daily rings, although this application should be limited to hatchling paralarvae in the pre-yolk-absorption phase.
Extra keywords: artificial fertilisation, sub-daily increments.
Acknowledgment
We thank the officers and crews of INIDEP’s R/V for their cooperation, and the squid research staff of INIDEP for their assistance. Thanks are also due to S. Chikuni, Team Leader of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) project, for his continued encouragement. We appreciate J. Bower for his valuable comments, which greatly improved the manuscript. We thank anonymous reviewers for valuable comments that improved the manuscript. The study was supported by the Assessment and Monitoring of Fisheries Resources project of JICA and INIDEP.
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