Molecular phylogeny of the snorkel snail Rhiostoma housei, a species complex from Thailand with descriptions of three new species
Pongpun Prasankok
A * , Chirasak Sutcharit B , Ekgachai Jeratthitikul C , Thierry Backeljau D E and Piyatida Pimvichai F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
B Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
C Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
D Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
E Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
F Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
Invertebrate Systematics 37(3) 211-229 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS22037
Submitted: 3 August 2022 Accepted: 12 March 2023 Published: 31 March 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing.
Abstract
Snorkel snails (genus Rhiostoma) are widely distributed in Indo-China and on the Malay Peninsula. The shell morphology is traditionally used for species identification yet in Thailand, the common snorkel snail, Rhiostoma housei, shows considerable variation in shell morphology within and between populations. Therefore species identifications and delimitations are difficult. We used two mitochondrial DNA fragments (COI and 16S rRNA) and morphological characters to delimit species and infer phylogenetic relationships of Rhiostoma housei s.l. from eight localities in Thailand, representing potential cryptic species suggested by earlier allozyme and karyological data. Results revealed four distinct clades from different geographic areas in Thailand. Species delimitation analyses confirmed the clades as four separate species and a geometric morphometric analysis demonstrated subtle but consistent conchological differences between the four clades. The high COI sequence divergences among the four clades (mean: 14.8%; range: 10.3–16.5%) further supported the species level recognition. As a consequence, three new species are described from Thailand: R. khoratense, sp. nov., R. nakwangense, sp. nov. and R. phunangense, sp. nov.
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EE534749-9346-4972-BF2E-3B5D0EB8AED8
Keywords: cryptic species, Cyclophoridae, DNA barcoding, geometric morphometrics, mitochondrial DNA, new species, phylogeny, species delimitation
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