Altered localisation of ZmPIN1a proteins in plasma membranes responsible for enhanced-polar auxin transport in etiolated maize seedlings under microgravity conditions in space
Mariko Oka
A I * , Motoshi Kamada B * , Riko Inoue A , Kensuke Miyamoto C , Eiji Uheda D , Chiaki Yamazaki E , Toru Shimazu F , Hiromi Sano G , Haruo Kasahara H , Tomomi Suzuki H , Akira Higashibata H and Junichi Ueda D I
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
B Future Development Division, Advanced Engineering Services Co., Ltd, 1-6-1 Takezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0032, Japan.
C Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
D Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
E JEM Mission Operations and Integration Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan.
F Technology and Research Promotion Department, Japan Space Forum, Shin-Otemachi Bldg., 2-2-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
G Utilization Engineering Department, Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation, Space Station Test Building, Tsukuba Space Center, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan.
H Kibo Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan.
I Corresponding authors. Email: m.oka@tottori-u.ac.jp; ueda@b.s.osakafu-u.ac.jp
Functional Plant Biology 47(12) 1062-1072 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP20133
Submitted: 12 May 2020 Accepted: 31 May 2020 Published: 8 July 2020
Abstract
In the International Space Station experiment ‘Auxin Transport’, polar auxin transport (PAT) in shoots of etiolated maize (Zea mays L. cv. Golden Cross Bantam) grown under microgravity in space was substantially enhanced compared with those grown on Earth. To clarify the mechanism, the effects of microgravity on expression of ZmPIN1a encoding essential auxin efflux carrier and cellular localisation of its products were investigated. The amounts of ZmPIN1a mRNA in the coleoptiles and the mesocotyls in space-grown seedlings were almost the same as those in 1 g-grown seedlings, but its products were not. Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-ZmPIN1a antibody revealed a majority of ZmPIN1a localised in the basal side of plasma membranes of endodermal cells in the coleoptiles and the mesocotyls, and in the basal and lateral sides of plasma membranes in coleoptile parenchymatous cells, in which it directed towards the radial direction, but not towards the vascular bundle direction. Microgravity dramatically altered ZmPIN1a localisation in plasma membranes in coleoptile parenchymatous cells, shifting mainly towards the vascular bundle direction. These results suggest that mechanism of microgravity-enhanced PAT in maize shoots is more likely to be due to the enhanced ZmPIN1a accumulation and the altered ZmPIN1a localisation in parenchymatous cells of the coleoptiles.
Additional keywords: auxin efflux carrier, cellular localisation, immunohistochemistry, ISS space experiment, Zea mays.
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