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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 51(11)

Overexpression of AtNHX1 increases leaf potassium content by improving enrichment capacity in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) roots

Yong Liu A # , Qian Hou B # , Kunle Dong C , Yi Chen D , Zhihong Wang D , Shengdong Xie D , Shengjiang Wu D , Xiaoquan Zhang A * , Shizhou Yu D * and Zhixiao Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-094X D *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 45002, China.

B Pingliang Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Pingliang 744000, China.

C Luoyang City Company, Henan Provincial Tobacco Company, Luoyang 471000, China.

D Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China.

* Correspondence to: zxq013415@163.com, yusz@nwafu.edu.cn, linyingxian2006@126.com

# These authors contributed equally to this work

Handling Editor: Honghong Wu

Functional Plant Biology 51, FP24144 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP24144
Submitted: 20 May 2024  Accepted: 17 October 2024  Published: 7 November 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

The NHX1 gene encodes a Na+/H+ antiporter located in the tonoplast membrane, which plays critical role in regulating plant salt tolerance. It is also involved in the uptake and accumulation of K in plants; however, its precise mechanism is unknown. In this research, we elucidated the physiological basis underlying the increases in K content induced by NHX1. We evaluated main agronomic traits, leaf K content, K+ uptake kinetics, and root morphological and physiological characteristics from field-planted and hydroponic plants. We included a wild-type tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) variety (K326) and three transgenic tobacco lines (NK7, NK9, NK10) that overexpress AtNHX1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Results demonstrated that the agronomic performance of the AtNHX1-overexpressing tobacco lines was similar to K326 in field and hydroponic settings. The three AtNHX1-overexpressing tobacco lines had significantly higher leaf K contents than K326. Under hydroponic condition, enhanced K uptake capacity and a larger maximum K uptake rate were seen in AtNHX1-overexpressing tobacco lines. AtNHX1-overexpressing lines also exhibited significantly superior root morphological and physiological traits relative to K326, including root biomass, root volume, absorption area, root activity, cation exchange capacity, soluble protein content, and H+-ATPase activity. Overexpression of AtNHX1 in tobacco significantly improves the K uptake and accumulation. Therefore, leaf K content greatly increased in these transgenic lines in the end. Our findings strongly suggest that AtNHX1 overexpression increased leaf K content by boosting the capacity of enriching K in tobacco roots, thereby advancing the understanding of the function of AtNHX1.

Keywords: agronomic performance, AtNHX1 gene, kinetics parameters of K+ uptake, overexpression, potassium, root, tobacco, Vmax.

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