Nitrate supply decreases fermentation and alleviates oxidative and ionic stress in nitrogen-fixing soybean exposed to saline waterlogging
Tamires da Silva Martins
A * , Cristiane Jovelina Da-Silva A * , Eduardo Pereira Shimoia A , Douglas Antônio Posso A , Ivan Ricardo Carvalho B , Ana Claudia Barneche de Oliveira C and Luciano do Amarante A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão 96160-000, Brazil.
B Departamento de Estudos Agrários, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí 98700-000, Brazil.
C Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas 96010-971, Brazil.
* Correspondence to: tamires0martins@gmail.com, cristianejovelinadasilva@gmail.com
Handling Editor: Ulrike Mathesius
Functional Plant Biology 50(5) 416-433 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP22145
Submitted: 30 June 2022 Accepted: 18 March 2023 Published: 11 April 2023
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3−) nutrition is known to mitigate the damages caused by individual stresses of waterlogging and salinity. Here, we investigated the role of NO3− in soybean plants exposed to these stresses in combination. Nodulated soybean cultivated under greenhouse conditions and daily fertilised with a nutrient solution without nitrogen were subjected to the following treatments: Water, NO3−, NaCl, and NaCl + NO3−. Then, plants were exposed to waterlogging (6 days) and drainage (2 days). Compared to plants exposed to isolated stress, the saline waterlogging resulted in higher concentrations of H2O2, O2˙−, and lipid peroxidation at the whole-plant level, mainly during drainage. Furthermore, saline waterlogging increased fermentation and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in roots and leaves both during waterlogging and drainage. NO3− supplementation led to augments in NO3− and NO levels, and stimulated nitrate reductase activity in both organs. In addition, NO3− nutrition alleviated oxidative stress and fermentation besides increasing the K+/Na+ ratio in plants exposed to saline waterlogging. In conclusion, NO3− supplementation is a useful strategy to help soybean plants overcome saline waterlogging stress. These findings are of high relevance for agriculture as soybean is an important commodity and has been cultivated in areas prone to saline waterlogging.
Keywords: antioxidants metabolism, drainage, hypoxia, Na+/K+, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, reoxygenation, salinity.
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