Starch reduction in rice stems due to a lack of OsAGPL1 or OsAPL3 decreases grain yield under low irradiance during ripening and modifies plant architecture
Masaki Okamura A , Tatsuro Hirose A B , Yoichi Hashida A , Tohru Yamagishi A , Ryu Ohsugi A and Naohiro Aoki A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
B NARO Agricultural Research Center, Joetsu, Niigata 943-0193, Japan.
C Corresponding author. Email: aaokin@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Functional Plant Biology 40(11) 1137-1146 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP13105
Submitted: 19 April 2013 Accepted: 17 May 2013 Published: 21 June 2013
Abstract
Starch accumulated in rice (Oryza sativa L.) stems before heading as nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) is reported to be important for improving and stabilising grain yield. To evaluate the importance of stem starch, we investigated a retrotransposon (Tos17) insertion rice mutant lacking a gene encoding a large subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) called OsAGPL1 or OsAPL3. The AGP activity and starch contents of the mutant were drastically reduced in the stem (i.e. leaf sheath and culm) but not in the leaf blade or endosperm. This starch reduction in the leaf sheaths of the mutant was complemented by the introduction of wild-type OsAGPL1. These results strongly suggest that OsAGPL1 plays a principal role in stem starch accumulation. Field experimentations spanning 2 years revealed that the mutant plants were shorter than the wild-type plants. Moreover, the tiller number and angle were larger in the mutant plants than the wild-type plants, but the dry weight at heading stage was not different. The grain yield was slightly lower in control plots without shading treatment. However, this difference increased substantially with shading. Therefore, stem starch is indispensable for normal ripening under low irradiance conditions and probably contributes to the maintenance of appropriate plant architecture.
Additional keywords: nonstructural carbohydrate, shading, stem starch, tiller angle, tiller number.
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