Characterisation of lanthanum toxicity for root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana from the aspect of natural genetic variation
Yuriko Kobayashi A , Takashi Ikka A , Kazuhiko Kimura B , Orito Yasuda A and Hiroyuki Koyama A CA Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
B School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatatate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Japan.
C Corresponding author. Email: koyama@gifu-u.ac.jp
Functional Plant Biology 34(11) 984-994 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP07133
Submitted: 25 May 2007 Accepted: 7 August 2007 Published: 1 November 2007
Abstract
The mechanism of lanthanum (La3+) toxicity on root growth of Arabidopsis was studied by physiological and genetic approaches using Landsberg erecta (Ler) × Columbia (Col) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and other natural accessions. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses revealed regulation of La3+ tolerance of the Ler × Col RILs by multiple genetic factors consisted of three significant QTLs and seven epistatic interacting loci pairs. The La content in the root tip was not correlated with La3+ tolerance in the RILs, indicating that the observed La3+ rhizotoxicity was not related to direct toxicity of La3+ in the symplast. The La3+ tolerance of root growth in the RILs was not correlated with Al3+ and Cu2+ tolerances, but was correlated with tolerances for other rare earth elements, including Gd3+, a known Ca2+ channel antagonist, and verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker. The genetic architecture of verapamil tolerance in root growth, which was identified by QTL analysis, was closely related to that of La3+ tolerance. La3+ tolerance and verapamil tolerance or Gd3+ tolerance in natural accessions of Arabidopsis also showed a positive correlation. These results indicate that the major La3+ toxicity on the root growth of Arabidopsis may involve its action as a Ca2+ channel antagonist.
Additional keywords: calcium, lanthanum tolerance, natural variation, QTL.
Acknowledgements
We thank Mr Randy Clark at Cornell University for comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid from the JSPS (No. 19380042 and 19380042) and the RITE Research Program to HK. We thank for RIKEN BRC (JA lines) and NASC (RI lines) who provide the accessions of Arabidopsis for this study.
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