Light emitting diodes improved the metabolism of rosmarinic acid and amino acids at the transcriptional level in two genotypes of Melissa officinalis L.
Tayebeh Ahmadi A , Leila Shabani
A B * and Mohammad R. Sabzalian C *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
B Research Institute of Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
C Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
* Correspondence to: shabani-l@sku.ac.ir, lshabani@gmail.com, sabzalian@iut.ac.ir, sabzalian@gmail.com
Handling Editor: Suleyman Allakhverdiev
Functional Plant Biology 49(12) 1055-1069 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP21364
Submitted: 11 January 2022 Accepted: 25 July 2022 Published: 31 August 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
In the present study, we used different LEDs to evaluate their effect on metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming of two genotypes (Ilam and Isfahan) of lemon balm grown under narrow-band LED lighting. Lemon balm plants were grown in four incubators equipped with artificial lighting and subjected to four LED lamps [White, Blue, Red, and mixed RB (Red + Blue) (70%:30%)] and in greenhouse conditions for 7 weeks. The results showed significant increases in leaf number, pigment and soluble sugar contents, secondary metabolites, and calcium, magnesium, potassium and amino acid contents achieved in growth under mixed RB LEDs. As observed for the content of total phenolics, rosmarinic acid, and amino acids, the expression of genes involved in their production, including TAT, RAS, and DAHPS were also enhanced due to the mixed RB LED lighting. The best condition for both the plant growth and expression of genes was under the mixture of Red + Blue LED lamps. These observations indicate that the increase in secondary metabolites under mixed Red + Blue lights may be due to the increase in primary metabolites synthesis and the increased expression of genes that play an essential role in the production of secondary metabolites.
Keywords: amino acid, controlled environment, LED lighting, lemon balm, light quality, primary metabolites, rosmarinic acid, secondary metabolites.
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