Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) internalization and passage through the Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae) outer cell wall
Sergimar Kennedy de Paiva Pinheiro
A , Thaiz Batista Azevedo Rangel Miguel B , Marlos de Medeiros Chaves A , Francisco Claudio de Freitas Barros C , Camila Pessoa Farias C , Thiago Alves de Moura D , Odair Pastor Ferreira C , Alexandre Rocha Paschoal D , Antonio Gomes Souza Filho E and Emilio de Castro Miguel A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Biomaterials Laboratory (BIOMAT), Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials (DEMM) and Analytical Center, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus do Pici Fortaleza, CEP 60455-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
B Biotechnology Laboratory, Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus do Pici Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
C Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory (LaMFA), Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
D Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
E Physics Department, School of Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus do Pici Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60455-900, CE, Brazil.
Functional Plant Biology 48(11) 1113-1123 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP21161
Submitted: 22 October 2020 Accepted: 11 July 2021 Published: 29 September 2021
© 2021 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) toxicity is related to nanoparticle interaction with the cell wall of microorganisms and plants. This interaction alters cell wall conformation with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. With the increase of ROS in the cell, the dissolution of zero silver (Ag0) to ionic silver (Ag+) occurs, which is a strong oxidant agent to the cellular wall. AgNP interaction was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on Lactuca sativa roots, and the mechanism of passage through the outer cell wall (OCW) was also proposed. The results suggest that Ag+ binds to the hydroxyls (OH) present in the cellulose structure, thus causing the breakdown of the hydrogen bonds. Changes in cell wall structure facilitate the passage of AgNPs, reaching the plasma membrane. According to the literature, silver nanoparticles with an average diameter of 15 nm are transported across the membrane into the cells by caveolines. This work describes the interaction between AgNPs and the cell wall and proposes a transport model through the outer cell wall.
Keywords: AgNPs, cell wall, electron microscopy, nanotoxicology, outer cell wall, plant NPs interaction, Raman spectroscopy, silver nanoparticles.
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