Comparative expression profiling of three early inflorescence stages of oil palm indicates that vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem is regulated by sugar balance
Walter Ajambang A B , Sintho W. Ardie A , Hugo Volkaert C , Georges F. Ngando-Ebongue B and Sudarsono Sudarsono A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A PMB Lab, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Meranti 16680 Bogor, Indonesia.
B Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Oil Palm Research Centre. BP 243 Douala Cameroon.
C NSTDA-BIOTEC, Plant Research Laboratory, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthanee 12120, Thailand and Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
D Corresponding author. Email: s_sudarsono@ymail.com
Functional Plant Biology 42(6) 589-598 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP14343
Submitted: 9 December 2014 Accepted: 28 February 2015 Published: 30 April 2015
Abstract
Breeding and seed production activities in oil palm have been hampered because of the inability of the male parent Pisifera to produce male inflorescence as source of pollen under normal conditions. Researchers are using complete defoliation to induce male inflorescences, but the biological and molecular processes responsible for this morphological change are yet to be revealed. To understand the underlying network of genes that initiate and control this phenotypically documented activity, we initiated a study aimed at identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three stages of an oil palm inflorescence under complete defoliation stress using RNA-seq. Sequencing on an Illumina platform produced 82 631 476 reads consisting of 8 345 779 076 bases. A total of 60 700 genes were obtained after transcript filtering and normalisation and 54% of them were downregulated. Differences in gene expression levels were significant between tissues under stress. The farther the distance between tissues, the more DEGs recorded. Comparison between stage 2 and stage 1 induced 3893 DEGs whereas 10 136 DEGs were induced between stage 3 and stage 1. Stress response genes and flower development genes were among the highly expressed genes. This study suggests a link between complete defoliation and meristem differentiation from vegetative to reproductive phase in oil palm.
Additional keywords: abiotic stress, complete defoliation, DEGs, flower development, genomics, oil palm tree, RNA-seq.
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