Overexpression of the VvLTP1 gene interferes with somatic embryo development in grapevine
Julie François A , Magali Lallemand A , Pierette Fleurat-Lessard A , Laurent Laquitaine A , Serge Delrot A B , Pierre Coutos-Thévenot A and Eric Gomès A CA Laboratoire de Physiologie, Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Végétales, UMR CNRS-Université de Poitiers 6161, 40 Avenue du recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers, France.
B Present address: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR 1287 Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne, Université de Bordeaux 2, INRA, Domaine de la Grande Ferrade, BP 81, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France.
C Corresponding author. Email: eric.gomes@univ-poitiers.fr
Functional Plant Biology 35(5) 394-402 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP07303
Submitted: 24 December 2007 Accepted: 2 May 2008 Published: 11 July 2008
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) embryos have an early developmental pattern which differs from the one observed in model angiosperms such as Arabidopsis, in that the plane of divisions show variations from one individual to another. Furthermore, the protoderm (the first tissue to differentiate) does not form in one step but rather, gradually with time during globule formation. In Arabidopsis, expression pattern of a particular lipid transfer protein (LTP) isoform, AtLTP1, appears to be related to protoderm establishment, and is considered as a molecular marker of its differentiation. To investigate whether a similar role for LTPs in the development of grapevine embryos, we investigated the expression pattern of VvLTP1, a Vitis homologue of AtLTP1, in somatic embryo development. Expression of the GUS reporter gene under the control of the VvLTP1 promoter demonstrated that this LTP isoform is a marker of protoderm formation, and confirmed that this tissue forms sequentially over time. Ectopic expression of VvLTP1 under the control of the 35S promoter led to grossly misshapen embryos, which failed to acquire bilateral symmetry and displayed an abnormal epidermal layer. These results indicate that a correct spatial or temporal expression, or both, of this gene is essential for grapevine embryo development.
Additional keywords: grapevine, lipid transfer protein, somatic embryogenesis, protoderm.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by The University of Poitiers, the ‘Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique’ and the ‘Conseil Régional Poitou-Charentes’. We acknowledge the ‘Service Interdisciplinaire de Microscopie et d’Imagerie Scientifique’, UFR ‘Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées’ for excellent technical assistance.
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