Effects of polyploidy on photosynthetic properties and anatomy in leaves of Phlox drummondii
Poonam Vyas A B , Madho Singh Bisht C , Shin-Ichi Miyazawa A D , Satoshi Yano A E , Ko Noguchi A F , Ichiro Terashima A F and Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi A F GA Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
B 51-51 (II Floor), Pocket D-1, Sector-XI, Rohini, Delhi 110 085, India.
C Centre for Inter-disciplinary Studies of Mountain and Hill Environment, Academic Research Centre Building, University of Delhi, Patel Marg, Delhi 110 007, India.
D Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto 619-0292, Japan.
E National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
F Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
G Corresponding author. Email: funayama@biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Functional Plant Biology 34(8) 673-682 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP07020
Submitted: 29 January 2007 Accepted: 15 May 2007 Published: 23 July 2007
Abstract
Polyploidy affects photosynthesis by causing changes in morphology, anatomy and biochemistry. However, in newly developed polyploids, the genome may be unstable. In this study, diploid (2×) and synthetic autotetraploids in initial (4×-C0) and 11th generations (4×-C11) of Phlox drummondii Hook were used to study the effects of chromosome doubling and genome stabilisation on leaf photosynthesis and anatomical properties. The light-saturated photosynthetic rate on a leaf area basis at 360 µmol CO2 mol–1 air (A360) was highest in 4×-C11 leaves, intermediate in 4×-C0 leaves, and lowest in 2× leaves. Rubisco amounts, CO2-saturated photosynthetic rate at 1200 µmol CO2 mol–1 air at PPFD of 1000 µmol m–2 s–1 (A1200, representing the capacity for RuBP regeneration), cumulative surface areas of chloroplasts facing intercellular spaces (Sc), all expressed on a leaf area basis, were all higher in 4× leaves than in 2× leaves, and stomatal conductance (gs) at 360 µmol CO2 mol–1 air was only higher in the 4×-C11 leaves. A360 for the 4×-C11 leaves was greater than that in the 4×-C0 leaves despite having similar amounts of Rubisco. This was presumably associated with a greater RuBP regeneration capacity, as well as an increase in Sc and gs, which would increase the CO2 concentration of Rubisco. These results indicate that the higher rate of photosynthesis in 4×-C11 leaves was not an immediate outcome of chromosome doubling; rather, it was due to adjustment and adaptation during the process of genome stabilisation.
Additional keywords: autopolyploidy, photosynthesis, Rubisco, stomatal conductance.
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by a Fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for foreign researchers to PV. The authors are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
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