Iron deficiency induces sulfate uptake and modulates redistribution of reduced sulfur pool in barley plants
Stefania Astolfi A E , Sabrina Zuchi A , Stefano Cesco B , Luigi Sanità di Toppi C , Daniela Pirazzi A , Maurizio Badiani D , Zeno Varanini B and Roberto Pinton BA Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università della Tuscia, via S. C. de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
B Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università di Udine, Viale delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy.
C Dipartimento di Biologia Evolutiva e Funzionale, Università di Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11 / A, 43100 Parma, Italy.
D Dipartimento di Biotecnologie per il Monitoraggio Agro-alimentare ed Ambientale, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89129 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
E Corresponding author. Email: sastolfi@unitus.it
Functional Plant Biology 33(11) 1055-1061 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP06179
Submitted: 19 July 2006 Accepted: 4 September 2006 Published: 1 November 2006
Abstract
We studied the possibility that the sulfur (S) assimilatory pathway might be modulated by iron (Fe) starvation in barley, as a consequence of plant requirement for an adequate amount of reduced S to maintain methionine and, in turn, phytosiderophore biosynthesis. Barley seedlings were grown with or without 100 µm FeIII–EDTA, at three S levels in the nutrient solution (S2 = 1200, S1 = 60, and S0 = 0 µm sulfate) in order to reproduce conditions of optimal supply, latent and severe deficiency, respectively. Fe deprivation increased root cysteine content irrespective of the S supply. However, this increase was not associated with either higher rates of 35SO42– uptake or increased expression of the gene for the high-affinity sulfate transporter, HvST1, and these roots failed to increase their activities of ATP sulfurylase (ATPS) and O-acetylserine(thiol) lyase (OASTL). We observed a significant increase in 35SO42– uptake rate (+76%) only in Fe-deficient S1 plants and we found an increase in root ATPS activity only in S0 plants. We observed an increase of ATPS enzyme activity in leaves of S1 and S2 plants, most likely suggesting increased S assimilation followed by translocation of thiols (Cys) to the root. Taken together, our results suggest that Fe deficiency affects the partitioning from the shoot to the root of the reduced S pool within the plant and can affect SO42– uptake under limited S supply.
Keywords: iron deficiency, iron uptake, phytosiderophores, Strategy II, sulfur deficiency, thiols.
Acknowledgments
Research was supported by grants from Italian M.I.U.R.-COFIN 2004.
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