Intermittent anoxia induces oxidative stress in wheat seminal roots: assessment of the antioxidant defence system, lipid peroxidation and tissue solutes
Danica E. Goggin A and Timothy D. Colmer A BA School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: tdcolmer@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
Functional Plant Biology 32(6) 495-506 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP04194
Submitted: 27 October 2004 Accepted: 16 March 2005 Published: 15 June 2005
Abstract
The effects of continuous and intermittent anoxia on components of the antioxidant defence system were evaluated in the expanded zones of wheat seedling roots. Intermittent anoxia caused oxidative stress (measured by the proportion of reduced glutathione) after three cycles of anoxia–aeration. The concentration of glutathione and activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) were decreased by 50% under both continuous and intermittent anoxia. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was unaffected by anoxia but stimulated almost 2-fold during the aerated periods of intermittent anoxia. Superoxide dismutase activity was decreased by 20% under continuous anoxia but ultimately returned to aerated activities under intermittent anoxia. Membrane damage appeared to be negligible or reversible, as K+ concentrations recovered to original levels under intermittent anoxia and there was no increase in terminal lipid peroxidation products. Addition of 5 mm exogenous ascorbate to intermittently anoxic roots prevented oxidative stress and avoided the decreases in glutathione, GR and CAT. Therefore, it is likely that the oxidative stress resulted from inadequate levels of, or damage to, these two enzymes.
Keywords: antioxidants, glutathione, intermittent anoxia, oxidative stress, wheat roots.
Acknowledgments
We thank Professor Craig Atkins for advice and providing spectrophotometric equipment, Kirsten Frost for assistance during the experiments and Professor Hank Greenway for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research in a collaborative project with the Department of Agriculture of Western Australia, and India.
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