Geophysics for Ni-Cu — Where Are We At and Where Are We Going?

Abstract

Exploration for Ni-Cu sulphide deposits has been possibly the most significant factor in the development of modern minerals geophysical technology. The strong response of Ni-Cu sulphides to multiple geophysical methods has resulted in a heavy reliance on geophysics for exploration. This has, in turn, spurred researchers, instrument manufacturers and contractors to continually develop new and/or improved technology.

As discovery of outcropping and near-surface deposits is becoming rarer, the challenge is moving into covered areas and exploring deeper. Historical technology has proven effective in the 0–250m depths; current technology has extended this to more than 500m; new developments are pushing this towards 1000m.

Significant advances in acquisition have been facilitated by factors such as faster processors, large data storage, faster A-D convertors, miniaturisation of sensors, UAVs, integrated GPS and communications. Key developments, particularly in electrical and EM technology include high power transmitters, full waveform recording, and distributed arrays. Interpretation advances include small and large scale 3D inversion, integrated 3D visualisation, and advanced flexible modelling.