Case studies in integrated geological and geophysical 3D modelling: Value added to exploration and mining projects

Abstract

The integration of geophysical with litho-structural models represents a valuable tool for better understanding of subsurface geometries of lithological contacts. Improved subsurface models add value to mineral exploration projects. Geophysical data is used to enhance and validate litho-structural models. The regular distribution of geophysical data allows lithologies and faults to be extended from observed locations into the subsurface. Geological models are validated and improved by comparison of the geophysical signal calculated from the model geology with the observed signal. Discrepancies between modeled and observed signals highlight areas requiring refinements of the geological model. The case studies present examples of how iterative modeling from geological and geophysical data will result in an improved final product. The calculated geophysical signal from two distinct geological interpretations shows how well a certain litho-structural model conforms with the geophysical data. Applications are in determine the position of rocks of distinct physical properties, checking the geometry of faults and extending mapped structures into inaccessible/covered areas.