
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hudson, DR 
A1  - Hunter, RA 
A1  - Peter, DW 
T1  - Studies with the intraruminal selenium pellet. 2. The effect of grain size of selenium on the functional life of pellets in sheep
JF  - Australian Journal of Agricultural Research
JO  - Aust. J.  Agric. Res.
Y1  - 1981
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
SP  - 935
EP  - 945
KW  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9810935 
N2  - Grain size of elemental selenium is a major factor controlling the long-term effectiveness of intraruminal selenium pellets. Microscope studies of polished sections of new and used selenium pellets showed that two commercially manufactured pellets contained selenium with average grain sizes about 4 and 40 ¦m respectively. Plasma selenium concentrations in sheep treated with pellets containing the coarse-grained selenium were maintained at higher levels over longer periods of time than those measured for sheep treated with pellets with fine-grained selenium. Pellets removed from sheep after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 28 days showed a progressive increase in the degree of alteration of selenium to a compound of average composition (g/100 g) iron, 33.7; selenium, 51.3 ; oxygen, 15.0. After 28 days only a small percentage of elemental selenium remained in pellets with fine-grained selenium, whereas about 50% remained in pellets with coarse-grained selenium. CSIRO prototype pellets, for which long-term effectiveness had been established, also contained coarse-grained selenium, and remnants of selenium were found in pellets that had been in sheep for periods up to 3 years. Selenium, administered in gelatin capsules or as sachets containing glass-selenium mixtures, was stable under the pH-Eh conditions of the rumen, but was rendered unstable in selenium pellets or iron-selenium mixtures by the presence of iron. It is probable that the most rapid release of selenium to the sheep occurs as a result of a chemical reaction involving the oxidation of iron and concomitant alteration of elemental selenium to iron selenide. 
ER  -

