Long-lifetime green-emitting Tb3+ complexes for bacterial staining

Weronika Rochowiak; Ewa Kasprzycka; Israel P. Assunção; Ulrich Kynast; Marina Lezhnina

doi:10.1071/CH21315

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

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Long-lifetime green-emitting Tb³⁺ complexes for bacterial staining

Weronika Rochowiak ^A , Ewa Kasprzycka ^A ^C , Israel P. Assunção ^A ^D , Ulrich Kynast

^A ^* and Marina Lezhnina ^B ^*

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Muenster University of Applied Sciences, Institute for Optical Technologies, Stegerwaldstr. 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany.

^B Quantum Analysis GmbH, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster, Germany.

^C Present address: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.

^D Present address: Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia (IFSP), Campus Suzano, Avenue Mogi das Cruzes, 1501 Parque Suzano, Suzano, SP, Brazil.

^* Correspondence to: uk@fh-muenster.de, , marina@fh-muenster.de

Handling Editor: George Koutsantonis

Australian Journal of Chemistry 75(9) 754-759 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH21315
Submitted: 1 December 2021 Accepted: 18 February 2022 Published: 18 May 2022

© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

The present report describes a new approach to stain bacteria by means of rare earth complexes. We demonstrate with selected Gram-negative and positive bacteria (Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus megaterium) that these microbes can be stained efficiently with derivatives of N-phenylanthranilic acid, flufenamic acid in particular, and Tb³⁺ ions. Hence, the inherent advantages of rare earth complexes, e.g. strong optical absorption (>50 000 L × M⁻¹ × cm⁻¹) due to the antenna effect, large Stokes’ shifts (~10 000 cm⁻¹) and very long emission decay times (millisecond range), and, not least, enhanced photostability can be fully exploited in fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy of the bacteria; foreseeably, these findings will also be useful in flow cytometry and ELISA techniques.

Keywords: bacteria, fluorescence microscopy, lifetime, luminescence, rare earth complexes, staining.

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