Recent Trends Concerning Upconversion Nanoparticles and Near-IR Emissive Lanthanide Materials in the Context of Forensic Applications

William J. Gee

doi:10.1071/CH18502

REVIEW (Open Access)

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Recent Trends Concerning Upconversion Nanoparticles and Near-IR Emissive Lanthanide Materials in the Context of Forensic Applications

William J. Gee

^A

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK. Email: W.Gee@kent.ac.uk

William Gee graduated from Deakin University in 2006, obtaining a Bachelor of Forensic Science degree with First Class Honours. He then obtained his Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from Monash University under the supervision of Professor Phil Andrews and Professor Peter Junk in 2011. William later won a 2012 Victoria Fellowship, and held post-doctoral positions at Monash University and the University of Bath before securing an ongoing academic teaching and research position at the University of Kent in 2017 as Lecturer in Chemistry and Forensic Science.

Australian Journal of Chemistry 72(3) 164-173 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH18502
Submitted: 12 October 2018 Accepted: 6 December 2018 Published: 4 January 2019

Journal Compilation © CSIRO 2019 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND

Abstract

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are materials that, upon absorbing multiple photons of low energy (e.g. infrared radiation), subsequently emit a single photon of higher energy, typically within the visible spectrum. The physics of these materials have been the subject of detailed investigations driven by the potential application of these materials as medical imaging devices. One largely overlooked application of UCNPs is forensic science, wherein the ability to produce visible light from infrared light sources would result in a new generation of fingerprint powders that circumvent background interference which can be encountered with visible and ultraviolet light sources. Using lower energy, infrared radiation would simultaneously improve the safety of forensic practitioners who often employ light sources in less than ideal locations. This review article covers the development of UCNPs, the use of infrared radiation to visualise fingerprints by the forensic sciences, and the potential benefits of applying UCNP materials over current approaches.

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