Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Nanohybrid Materials ZnO–Ag and ZnO–Au: Synthesis, Characterization, and Comparative Analysis of Undoped and Doped ZnO Nanoparticles
Adriana Berenice Pérez Jiménez A , Carlos Alberto Huerta Aguilar A , Jorge Manuel Vázquez Ramos A and Pandiyan Thangarasu A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, México D.F., México.
B Corresponding author. Email: pandiyan@servidor.unam.mx
Australian Journal of Chemistry 68(2) 288-297 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH14123
Submitted: 11 March 2014 Accepted: 28 April 2014 Published: 12 June 2014
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using the hydrothermal method, and then doped with Ag or Au NPs, yielding ZnO NPs, ZnO–Ag NPs, and ZnO–Au NPs, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The synthesized nanomaterials were analyzed for their antibacterial properties against bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) by qualitative and quantitative assays. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) results show that growth control is more effective for Gram-positive bacteria than for Gram-negative bacteria. Although ZnO NPs and Ag NPs are antibacterial agents, the lowest bacterial growth was observed for ZnO–Ag NPs, showing that the doped Ag NPs greatly facilitate the interaction between the microbial cells and the NP surface. Though the same antibacterial effect was expected for ZnO–Au NPs, the inhibition activity was very close to that of ZnO NPs. The order of bacterial cell growth inhibition was ZnO–Ag NPs >> ZnO–Au NPs ~ ZnO NPs >> ZnO powder. We also analyzed the morphology of bacterial cells treated with NPs by scanning electron microscopy.
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