Reflux in Counter-Current Distribution. II. The Partition Process

Abstract

A method is described of applying reflux to the separation of two solutes by counter-current distribution in a modified Craig tube system. Expressions are derived which relate the solute distribution at any stage to the number of transfers performed. The method is analysed in terms of the number of tubes and transfers required to effect separation. It is concluded that the process has a high theoretical resolving power but that its usefulness may be limited since its application entails repeated recovery of solute from end fractions. The distribution under reflux of m- and p-nitroaniline is described.