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Hyperbranched Polymers via RAFT Copolymerization of an Acryloyl Trithiocarbonate

Andrew P. Vogt ^A , Sudershan R. Gondi ^A and Brent S. Sumerlin ^A ^B

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- Author Affiliations

^A Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA.

^B Corresponding author. Email: bsumerlin@smu.edu

Australian Journal of Chemistry 60(6) 396-399 https://doi.org/10.1071/CH07077
Submitted: 12 March 2007 Accepted: 22 April 2007 Published: 18 June 2007

Abstract

Hyperbranched copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and styrene were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in the presence of a novel acryloyl trithiocarbonate, namely 1-[3-(2-methyl-2-dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonylsulfanylpropionyloxy)propyl]-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethyl acrylate. By employing an example of ‘click chemistry’, we were able to prepare the vinyl RAFT chain transfer agent (CTA) by copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of an azido-functionalized trithiocarbonate and propargyl acrylate. The resulting CTA facilitated the preparation of highly branched poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and polystyrene. Interestingly, the branched PNIPAM demonstrated a reduced lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 25°C as opposed to the conventional value of 32°C expected for linear PNIPAM, an effect attributed to increased contribution of hydrophobic dodecyl trithiocarbonate end groups.

Acknowledgments

We thank the Department of Chemistry, Dedman College, and the University Research Council of Southern Methodist University for their financial support. Acknowledgment is made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (45286-G7), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR0011-06-1-0032), and Oak Ridge Associated Universities (Robert E. Powe Junior Faculty Award) for partial support of this research.

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