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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 23(2)

An Advanced, Three-Dimensional Plotting Library for Astronomy

David G. Barnes A , Christopher J. Fluke A B , Paul D. Bourke A and Owen T. Parry A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn VIC 3122, Australia

B Correspondence author. E-mail: cfluke@swin.edu.au

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 23(2) 82-93 https://doi.org/10.1071/AS06009
Submitted: 26 March 2006  Accepted: 22 June 2006   Published: 25 July 2006

Abstract

We present a new, three-dimensional (3D) plotting library with advanced features, and support for standard and enhanced display devices. The library — s2plot — is written in c and can be used by c, c++, and fortran programs on GNU/Linux and Apple/OSX systems. s2plot draws objects in a 3D (x,y,z) Cartesian space and the user interactively controls how this space is rendered at run time. With a pgplot-inspired interface, s2plot provides astronomers with elegant techniques for displaying and exploring 3D data sets directly from their program code, and the potential to use stereoscopic and dome display devices. The s2plot architecture supports dynamic geometry and can be used to plot time-evolving data sets, such as might be produced by simulation codes. In this paper, we introduce s2plot to the astronomical community, describe its potential applications, and present some example uses of the library.

Keywords: methods: data analysis


Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Tim Pearson, for his pgplot Graphics Subroutine Library, a much-loved package that deserves its place in any collection of astronomical software. pgplot’s simple, clear interface was an inspiration for many of the s2plot functions. We also offer our sincere thanks to Tony Fairall for alerting us to the possibility of producing a chromostereoscopic display in a digital dome environment. We thank the following users for providing examples of s2plot use: Katie Kern, Alina Kiessling, Virginia Kilborn, Bärbel Koribalski, Chris Power and Ashley Rowlands. We are also very grateful to the referee for providing valuable suggestions on improvements to this paper.


S2plot is freely available for non-commercial and educational use, but it is not public-domain software. The programming libraries and documentation may not be redistributed or sub-licensed in any form without permission from Swinburne University of Technology. The programming library and sample codes are provided without warranty.


References


Beeson, B., Lancaster, M., Barnes, D. G., Bourke, P. D. & Rixon, G. T. 2004, in ‘Ground-based Telescopes’ (ed. J.M. Oschmann Jr.), Proc. SPIE, 242, 5493

Beeson, B., Barnes, D. G., &  Bourke, P. D. 2003, PASA, 20, 300

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Bourke, P. D 2005, Planetarian, 34, 6
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Fluke, C. J., Bourke, P. D., &  O’Donovan, D. 2006, PASA, 23, 12
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RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENCACHE.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:39)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
23
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_CFPAGE
LINE 634
RAW_TRACE at cfPublishingApp2ecfc536529069$funcPROCESSREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc:634)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc
TYPE CFML
24
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 16
RAW_TRACE at cfBootstrap2ecfc660975501$funcHANDLEREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc:16)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc
TYPE CFML
25
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 18
RAW_TRACE at cfApplication2ecfc757760907$funcONREQUESTSTART.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc:18)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc
TYPE CFML


Karachentsev, I. D., Karachentseva, V. E., Huchtmeier, W. K., &  Makarov, D. I. 2004, AJ, 127, 2031
An error has occurred in (ref id="R5"). Variable LPAGE is undefined. [empty string]
array
1
struct
COLUMN 0
ID ??
LINE 243
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor10(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:243)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
2
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 180
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor12(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:180)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
3
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 177
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor13(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:177)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
4
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 176
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor14(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:176)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
5
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 170
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor40(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:170)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
6
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 15
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor41(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:15)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
7
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 12
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor42(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:12)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
8
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 11
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor43(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:11)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
9
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
10
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 3230
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1._factor150(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3230)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
11
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_ARTICLE
LINE 3217
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1._factor151(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3217)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
12
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_ARTICLE
LINE 3216
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3216)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
13
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 2978
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcBACKSECTIONSFORABSTRACTONLYDTD1.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:2978)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
14
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 118
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor2(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:118)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
15
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 99
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor4(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:99)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
16
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor6(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
17
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
18
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 10
RAW_TRACE at cfStaticPageLayout2ecfm1426351739.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\layout\StaticPageLayout.cfm:10)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\layout\StaticPageLayout.cfm
TYPE CFML
19
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 30
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcRENDERLAYOUT.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:30)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
20
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 241
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENARTICLECONTENT.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:241)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
21
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 327
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENARTICLE.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:327)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
22
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 39
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENCACHE.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:39)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
23
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_CFPAGE
LINE 634
RAW_TRACE at cfPublishingApp2ecfc536529069$funcPROCESSREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc:634)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc
TYPE CFML
24
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 16
RAW_TRACE at cfBootstrap2ecfc660975501$funcHANDLEREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc:16)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc
TYPE CFML
25
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 18
RAW_TRACE at cfApplication2ecfc757760907$funcONREQUESTSTART.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc:18)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc
TYPE CFML


Meyer, M. J., et al. 2004, MNRAS, 350, 1195
An error has occurred in (ref id="R6"). Variable LPAGE is undefined. [empty string]
array
1
struct
COLUMN 0
ID ??
LINE 241
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor10(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:241)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
2
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 180
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor12(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:180)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
3
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 177
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor13(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:177)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
4
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 176
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor14(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:176)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
5
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 170
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor40(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:170)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
6
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 15
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor41(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:15)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
7
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 12
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor42(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:12)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
8
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 11
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986._factor43(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:11)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
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struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_INCLUDEJOURNALREF_B
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfincludeJournalRef_B2ecfm1510229986.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\includeJournalRef_B.cfm
TYPE CFML
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struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 3230
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1._factor150(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3230)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
11
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_ARTICLE
LINE 3217
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1._factor151(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3217)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
12
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_ARTICLE
LINE 3216
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcREFERENCESDTD1.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:3216)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
13
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 2978
RAW_TRACE at cfArticle2ecfc1291681887$funcBACKSECTIONSFORABSTRACTONLYDTD1.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc:2978)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\modules\journal\Article.cfc
TYPE CFML
14
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 118
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor2(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:118)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
15
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 99
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor4(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:99)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
16
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447._factor6(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
17
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_GENARTICLECONTENT
LINE 1
RAW_TRACE at cfgenArticleContent2ecfm782833447.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm:1)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\journal\generator\genArticleContent.cfm
TYPE CFML
18
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 10
RAW_TRACE at cfStaticPageLayout2ecfm1426351739.runPage(G:\www\publishha\app\views\layout\StaticPageLayout.cfm:10)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\views\layout\StaticPageLayout.cfm
TYPE CFML
19
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CFINCLUDE
LINE 30
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcRENDERLAYOUT.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:30)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
20
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 241
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENARTICLECONTENT.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:241)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
21
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 327
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENARTICLE.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:327)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
22
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_UDFMETHOD
LINE 39
RAW_TRACE at cfCacheController2ecfc639388092$funcGENCACHE.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc:39)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\controller\CacheController.cfc
TYPE CFML
23
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_CFPAGE
LINE 634
RAW_TRACE at cfPublishingApp2ecfc536529069$funcPROCESSREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc:634)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\PublishingApp.cfc
TYPE CFML
24
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 16
RAW_TRACE at cfBootstrap2ecfc660975501$funcHANDLEREQUEST.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc:16)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\app\Bootstrap.cfc
TYPE CFML
25
struct
COLUMN 0
ID CF_TEMPLATEPROXY
LINE 18
RAW_TRACE at cfApplication2ecfc757760907$funcONREQUESTSTART.runFunction(G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc:18)
TEMPLATE G:\www\publishha\webroot\Application.cfc
TYPE CFML


Quinn, P. J., et al. 2004, in ‘Ground-based Telescopes’ (ed. J.M. Oschmann Jr.) Proc, SPIE, 137, 5493

Rixon, G., Barnes, D. G., Beeson, B., Yu, J., & Ortiz, P. 2004, in ‘Astron. Data Analysis Software and Systems’ (eds. F. Ochsenbein, M. G. Allen, D. Egret), 13, 509









1 ds9 – hea-www.harvard.edu/RD/ds9

2 pgplot – www.astro.caltech.edu/∼tjp/pgplot

3 idl – www.rsinc.com/idl

4 SuperMongo – www.astro.princeton.edu/∼rhl/sm

5 Karma xray – www.atnf.csiro.au/computing/software/karma

6 voplot3d — vo.iucaa.ernet.in/∼voi/VOPlot3D_UserGuide_1_0.htm

7 RVS — designed and developed by the CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility, see www.atnf.csiro.au/vo/rvs/

8 COSMOS — www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/cosmos/Public/index.html

9 vtk — public.kitware.com/VTK

10 tipsy — www-hpcc.astro.washington.edu/tools/tipsy/tipsy.html

11 OpenGL — www.opengl.org

12 Mesa 3D — www.mesa3D.org

13 OpenGL Utility Toolkit, originally written by Mark Kilgard of SGI

14 freeglut API reference, freeglut.sourceforge.net

15 world.std.com/∼xforms/

16 fink.sourceforge.net