Leveraging existing data to improve antimicrobial resistance-related mortality estimates for Australia

Teresa M. Wozniak; Anthony Nguyen; Norm Good; Geoffrey W. Coombs

doi:10.1071/AH24102

RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Previous Next Contents Vol 48(4)

Leveraging existing data to improve antimicrobial resistance-related mortality estimates for Australia

Teresa M. Wozniak

^A ^B ^* , Anthony Nguyen

^A , Norm Good

^A and Geoffrey W. Coombs

^C

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A The Australian e-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Qld, Australia.

^B College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Qld, Australia.

^C Microbiology Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease (AMRID) Research Laboratory, School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, WA, Australia.

^* Correspondence to: teresa.wozniak@csiro.au

Australian Health Review 48(4) 455-458 https://doi.org/10.1071/AH24102

Submitted: 10 April 2024 Accepted: 25 June 2024 Published: 15 July 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of AHHA. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global pandemic, however, estimating its burden is a complex process. As a result, many countries rely on global estimates to infer burden within their own setting. With a growing number of recent publications quantifying AMR burden in Australia, and an expansion of surveillance programs, enumerating AMR mortality for Australia is feasible. We aimed to leverage existing published data to assess methodological factors contributing to the considerable variation in AMR-related mortality and provide two reliable estimates of AMR mortality in Australia. This is a necessary step towards generating meaningful measures of AMR burden in Australia.

Keywords: all-cause mortality, antimicrobial resistance, associated mortality, attributable mortality, Australia, burden of disease, epidemiology, mortality.

References

1 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators.. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2022; 399: 629-655.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

2 Dunachie SJ, Day NPJ, Dolecek C. The challenges of estimating the human global burden of disease of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 57: 95-101.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

3 de Kraker MEA, Lipsitch M. Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance: Compared to What? Epidemiol Rev 2021; 43(1): 53-64.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

4 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Stemming the superbug tide: Just a few dollars more. OECD, 2018.

5 MTPConnect. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Impact Report: How big is Australia’s AMR threat? CSIRO and AAMRNet, 2022.

6 Wozniak TM, Dyda A, Merlo G, Hall L. Disease burden, associated mortality and economic impact of antimicrobial resistant infections in Australia. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2022; 27: 100521.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

7 World Health Organization. Health and economic impacts of antimicrobial resistance in the Western Pacific Region, 2020–2030. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. WHO, 2023.

8 Lee XJ, Stewardson AJ, Worth LJ, Graves N, Wozniak TM. Attributable length of stay, mortality risk and costs of bacterial healthcare-associated infections in Australia: a retrospective case-cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 72: e506-e514.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

9 Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. AURA 2021: fourth Australian report on antimicrobial use and resistance in human health. 2021. Available at https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-09/aura_2021_-_report_-_final_accessible_pdf_-_for_web_publication.pdf

10 Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. AURA 2017: Second Australian report on antimicrobial use and resistance in human health. 2017. Available at https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/AURA-2017-Second-Australian-report-on-Antimicrobial-Use-and-Resistance-in-human-health.pdf

11 Cassini A, Högberg LD, Plachouras D, et al. Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19(1): 56-66.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

12 Horcajada JP, Montero M, Oliver A, et al. Epidemiology and Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2019; 32(4):.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

13 Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE, et al. Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated methicillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20(2): 188-98.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |

14 Wozniak TM, Dyda A, Lee X. The Increased Length of Hospital Stay and Mortality Associated With Community-Associated Infections in Australia. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9(5): ofac133.
| Crossref | Google Scholar | PubMed |