Kangaroo gene mapping and sequencing: insights into mammalian genome evolution
Jennifer A. Marshall GravesLa Trobe Institute of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic. 3186, Australia and Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2060, Australia. Email: jenny.graves@anu.edu.au
Australian Journal of Zoology 61(1) 4-12 https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO13002
Submitted: 7 January 2013 Accepted: 30 April 2013 Published: 7 June 2013
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2013 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
The deep divergence of marsupials and eutherian mammals 160 million years ago provides genetic variation to explore the evolution of DNA sequence, gene arrangement and regulation of gene expression in mammals. Following the pioneering work of Professor Desmond W. Cooper, emerging techniques in cytogenetics and molecular biology have been adapted to characterise the genomes of kangaroos and other marsupials. In particular, genetic and genomic work over four decades has shown that marsupial sex chromosomes differ significantly from the eutherian XY chromosome pair in their size, gene content and activity. These differences can be exploited to deduce how mammalian sex chromosomes, sex determination and epigenetic silencing evolved.
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