Soil microbial biomass and oxy-hydroxides contribute to aggregate stability and size distribution under different land uses in the Central Andes
Alejandro Coca-Salazar
A B * , Jean-Thomas Cornelis C D and Monique Carnol B *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Laboratorio de Suelos y Aguas, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Av. Petrolera km 5 ½ s/n, 0000 Cochabamba, Bolivia.
B Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Ecology, InBioS, University of Liège, Botany Bât. B22, Chemin de la Vallée, 4, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
C TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Av. Maréchal Juin 27, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
D Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
* Correspondence to: alejandro.cocasalazar@gmail.com, m.carnol@uliege.be
Handling Editor: Mark Farrell
Soil Research 60(7) 678-691 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR21205
Submitted: 24 July 2021 Accepted: 10 February 2022 Published: 24 March 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Context: Agricultural intensification leads to land use changes with potential consequences for soil aggregate stability and size distribution, affecting nutrient and water retention capacity, aeration, sequestration of soil organic carbon, and biogeochemical cycling.
Aims: This study evaluated soil aggregate stability and size distribution under potato, fallow and Eucalyptus globulus L. land uses in Cambisols of the eastern branch of the Central Andes, Bolivia. We also investigated the relation between aggregates and total C, extractable C, oxy-hydroxides, microbial biomass and activity.
Methods: Aggregate stability, size distribution and oxy-hydroxides were measured in soil samples from eight plots of each land use.
Key results: Compared to fields cultivated with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Eucalyptus increased aggregate stability, megaaggregate content, and C and N in the free silt + clay fraction. Fallow did not lead to significant changes in soil structure. Soil aggregate stability was related to both microbial biomass and oxy-hydroxides. Microbial biomass C, microbial activity and dithionite extractable Fe were positively related to megaaggregates and aggregate stability. Oxalate extractable Fe and Mn were related to microaggregates.
Conclusions: The plantation of Eucalyptus is suitable for soil structural amelioration and C sequestration, but its introduction to cultivated areas should be carefully evaluated due to its effects on soil chemistry and microbiology. Short-term fallowing did not contribute to the maintenance of soil structure.
Implications: In a context of land uses change, modifications of microbial biomass and activity would affect megaaggregate formation and stability. Alternative management practices are required to maintain soil structure and optimize sustainable land use of cultivated and fallow fields.
Keywords: aggregate stability, Eucalyptus globulus, fallow, land use change, microbial activity, microbial biomass carbon, short-term fallow, silt and clay, soil structure, Solanum tuberosum.
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