Minerals control phosphorus solubility in long-term-cultivated calcareous soils
Mohsen Jalali A B and Mahdi Jalali A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Hamadan, Iran.
B Corresponding author. Email: Jalali@basu.ac.ir
Soil Research 55(2) 182-190 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR16057
Submitted: 28 February 2016 Accepted: 21 June 2016 Published: 3 October 2016
Abstract
Little information is available on phosphorus (P) solubility in long-term cultivated calcareous soils. Improved characterisation of P-containing minerals and soil P species in calcareous soils leads to better management of crop production, water quality and soil quality. In this study, we investigated the solubility relationships of P for 20 surface-soil samples from Hamedan, western Iran, with a wide range of physical and chemical properties. Two equilibration times (0.5 and 168 h) were used to evaluate the effect of equilibration times on P activities. We observed up to 67% decrease in mean P concentration when equilibration time was increased from 0.5 to 168 h. Solubility diagrams support the stability of hydroxyapatite with 0.5 h equilibration and hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate with 168 h equilibration. Geochemical modelling predicted that dicalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and magnesium-P minerals would be unstable and thus would gradually dissolve and supply P in solution in these calcareous soils. The information obtained can be used to predict the behaviour of P and its availability for agricultural crops in calcareous soils.
Additional keywords: environmental pollution, ion activity, phosphate minerals, saturation index, speciation.
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