Leaf decomposition of cork oak under three different land uses within a montado of southern Portugal
Maria Luísa Arosa A D , Sofia R. Costa B C and Helena Freitas A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, PO Box 3046, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal.
B Mountain Research Center (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
C Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
D Corresponding author. Email: merisinha@hotmail.com
Soil Research 55(3) 215-221 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR15347
Submitted: 25 November 2015 Accepted: 3 September 2016 Published: 26 September 2016
Abstract
This study compared litter decomposition dynamics of cork oak at three sites under different land-uses (grassland, shrubland and woodland), in a montado ecosystem in Southern Portugal. The montado is a protected habitat within the EU Habitats Directive, but the long-term persistence of cork oak is endangered in these ecosystems, with health of poor cork oak and low natural regeneration rates being the main causes of degradation. Moreover, human management has resulted in the conversion of woodlands to grasslands and may have long-term effects on soil nutrient availability, eventually modifying soil nutrient budgets. Knowledge of the ecological processes is therefore relevant for ecosystem management and species conservation. In the study, the estimated amount of leaf fall from cork oak showed no significant differences between land uses, despite the positive influence of tree crown size on leaf fall. Decomposition was affected by season, vegetation cover, leaf thickness and litter quality. Differences in land use that exposed soil to harsh climate conditions negatively affected soil microbial dynamics, resulting in lower decomposition rates in the more disturbed sites with lower canopy cover.
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