Stratification ratio of organic matter pools influenced by management systems in a weathered Oxisol from a tropical agro-ecoregion in Brazil
C. C. Figueiredo A E , D. V. S. Resck B , M. A. C. Carneiro C , M. L. G. Ramos A and J. C. M. Sá D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, 70910970 Brasília, DF, Brazil.
B Embrapa Cerrados, 73310970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil.
C Laboratory of Soil Science, Federal University of Goiás, 75800000 Jataí, GO, Brazil.
D Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Ponta Grossa, 84030900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
E Corresponding author. Email: cicerocf@unb.br
Soil Research 51(2) 133-141 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR12186
Submitted: 20 July 2012 Accepted: 1 May 2013 Published: 15 May 2013
Abstract
Enhancement of organic matter plays an essential role in improving soil quality for supporting sustainable food production. Changes in carbon stocks with impacts on emissions of greenhouse gases may result from the stratification of organic matter as a result of soil use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of soil management systems on soil carbon stocks and stratification ratios (SR) of soil organic matter pools. Total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen, basal respiration, and particulate organic matter nitrogen (PON) were determined. The field experiment comprised several tillage treatments: conventional tillage, no-till with biannual rotation, no-till with biannual rotation combined with a second crop, no-till with annual rotation, and pasture. The labile fractions indicated a high level of variation among management systems. Pasture proved to be an excellent option for the improvement of soil carbon. While the conventional tillage system reduced total carbon stocks of the soil (0–40 cm), no-tillage presented TOC stocks similar to that of native vegetation. Sensitivity of the TOC SR varied from 0.93 to 1.28, a range of 0.35; the range for POC was 1.76 and for MBC 1.64. The results support the hypothesis that the labile fractions (POC, MBC, and PON) are highly sensitive to the dynamics of organic matter in highly weathered soils of tropical regions influenced by different management systems. Reductions to SRs of labile organic matter pools are related to the impacts of agricultural use of Cerrado soils.
Additional keywords: fractionation, organic carbon, soil microbial biomass, tillage.
References
Alef K, Nannipieri P (1995) ‘Methods in applied soil microbiology and biochemistry.’ (Academic Press: London)Ashagrie Y, Zech W, Guggenberger G, Mamo T (2007) Soil aggregation, and total and particulate organic matter following conversion of native forests to continuous cultivation in Ethiopia. Soil & Tillage Research 94, 101–108.
| Soil aggregation, and total and particulate organic matter following conversion of native forests to continuous cultivation in Ethiopia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bayer C, Matin-Neto L, Mielniczuk J, Pavinato A (2004) Carbon storage in labile fractions of soil organic matter in a tropical no-tillage Oxisol. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 39, 677–683.
| Carbon storage in labile fractions of soil organic matter in a tropical no-tillage Oxisol.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | [In Portuguese with English abstract].
Bayer C, Martin-Neto L, Mielniczuk J, Pavinato A, Dieckow J (2006) Carbon sequestration in two Brazilian Cerrado soils under no-till. Soil & Tillage Research 86, 237–245.
| Carbon sequestration in two Brazilian Cerrado soils under no-till.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bongiovanni MD, Lobartini JC (2006) Particulate organic matter, carbohydrate, humic acid contents in soil macro- and microaggregates as affected by cultivation. Geoderma 136, 660–665.
| Particulate organic matter, carbohydrate, humic acid contents in soil macro- and microaggregates as affected by cultivation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhtlaktr%2FI&md5=dee8fae108d390fab69b5099bc625fcbCAS |
Brookes PC, Landman A, Pruden G, Jenkinson DS (1985) Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: a rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 17, 837–842.
| Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: a rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XhvFSgug%3D%3D&md5=d758ca46d2db56feab9e8750a32428faCAS |
Bustamante MMC, Corbeels M, Scopel E, Roscoe R (2006) Soil carbon storage and sequestration potential in the cerrado region of Brazil. In ‘Carbon sequestration in soils of Latin America’. (Ed. R Lal) pp. 285–304. (Food Products Press: New York)
Cambardella CA, Elliott ET (1992) Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence. Soil Science Society of America Journal 56, 777–783.
| Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Dou F, Wright AL, Hons FM (2007) Depth distribution of soil organic C and N after long-term soybean cropping in Texas. Soil & Tillage Research 94, 530–536.
| Depth distribution of soil organic C and N after long-term soybean cropping in Texas.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Embrapa (2006) ‘Brazilian System of Soil Classification.’ (National Research Center for Soils: Rio de Janeiro)
Figueiredo CC, Resck DVS, Gomes AC, Ferreira EAB, Ramos MLG (2007) Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in response to different management systems cropped with corn in a Red Latosol in the Cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 31, 551–562.
| Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in response to different management systems cropped with corn in a Red Latosol in the Cerrado.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | [In Portuguese with English abstract].
Franzluebbers AJ (2002) Soil organic matter as an indicator of soil quality. Soil & Tillage Research 66, 95–106.
| Soil organic matter as an indicator of soil quality.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Franzluebbers AJ, Stuedemann JA (2008) Early response of soil organic fractions to tillage and integrated crop–livestock production. Soil Science Society of America Journal 72, 613–625.
| Early response of soil organic fractions to tillage and integrated crop–livestock production.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmtlansrg%3D&md5=648104c8fc4dd6b40d0fdb027e736b84CAS |
Goberna M, Sánchez J, Pascual JA, García C (2006) Surface and subsurface organic carbon, microbial biomass and activity in a forest soil sequence. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 38, 2233–2243.
| Surface and subsurface organic carbon, microbial biomass and activity in a forest soil sequence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XotFykurk%3D&md5=b4b596eb8c213c4df0a1c95f4c44d8ddCAS |
IUSS Working Group WRB (2006) ‘World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006.’ World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. (FAO: Rome)
Jantalia CP, Resck DVS, Alves BJR, Zotarelli L, Urquiaga S, Boddey RM (2007) Tillage effect on C stocks of a clayey Oxisol under a soybean-based crop rotation in the Brazilian Cerrado region. Soil & Tillage Research 95, 97–109.
| Tillage effect on C stocks of a clayey Oxisol under a soybean-based crop rotation in the Brazilian Cerrado region.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Joergensen RG (1996) The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the kec value. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 28, 25–31.
| The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the kec value.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXhtVSks7%2FK&md5=6572447ec4c66317140b55547d010d73CAS |
Lal R (2006) Soil carbon sequestration in Latin America. In ‘Carbon sequestration in soils of Latin America’. (Ed. R Lal) pp. 49–64. (Food Products Press: New York)
Lorenz K, Lal R (2005) The depth distribution of soil organic carbon in relation to land use and management and the potential of carbon sequestration in subsoil horizons. Advances in Agronomy 88, 35–66.
| The depth distribution of soil organic carbon in relation to land use and management and the potential of carbon sequestration in subsoil horizons.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXitlKju7c%3D&md5=936123362d9a83a344d6d6f5e89d8a64CAS |
Marchão RL, Becquer T, Brunet D, Balbino LC, Vilela L, Brossard M (2009) Carbon and nitrogen stocks in a Brazilian clayey Oxisol: 13-year effects of integration crop–livestock management systems. Soil & Tillage Research 103, 442–450.
| Carbon and nitrogen stocks in a Brazilian clayey Oxisol: 13-year effects of integration crop–livestock management systems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Oliveira JRA, Mendes I, Vivaldi CL (2001) Microbial biomass carbon in native and cultivated cerrado soils: a comparison of the fumigation incubation and fumigation extraction methods. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 25, 863–871. [In Portuguese with English abstract]
Resck DVS, Ferreira EAB, Figueiredo CC, Zinn YL (2008) Dinâmica da matéria orgânica no Cerrado. In ‘Fundamentos da matéria orgânica do solo: ecossistemas tropicais e subtropicais’. (Ed. GA Santos) pp. 359–417. (Metrópole: Porto Alegre, Brazil)
Roscoe R, Buurman P (2003) Tillage effects on soil organic matter dynamics in density fractions of a cerrado Oxisol. Soil & Tillage Research 70, 107–119.
| Tillage effects on soil organic matter dynamics in density fractions of a cerrado Oxisol.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Rovira P, Jorba M, Romanyà J (2010) Active and passive organic matter fractions in Mediterranean forest soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils 46, 355–369.
| Active and passive organic matter fractions in Mediterranean forest soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Sá JCM, Lal R (2009) Stratification ratio of soil organic matter pools as an indicator of carbon sequestration in a tillage chronosequence on a Brazilian Oxisol. Soil & Tillage Research 103, 46–56.
| Stratification ratio of soil organic matter pools as an indicator of carbon sequestration in a tillage chronosequence on a Brazilian Oxisol.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Salvo L, Hernández J, Ernst O (2010) Distribution of soil organic carbon in different size fractions, under pasture and crop rotations with conventional tillage and no-till systems. Soil & Tillage Research 109, 116–122.
| Distribution of soil organic carbon in different size fractions, under pasture and crop rotations with conventional tillage and no-till systems.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
SAS (2001) ‘SAS/STAT Guide for personal computers, version 8.2.’ (SAS Institute: Cary, NC)
Soil Survey Staff (1998) ‘Keys to Soil Taxonomy.’ (United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service: Washington, DC)
Tan Z, Lal R, Owens L, Izaurralde RC (2007) Distribution of light and heavy fractions of soil organic carbon as related to land use and tillage practice. Soil & Tillage Research 92, 53–59.
| Distribution of light and heavy fractions of soil organic carbon as related to land use and tillage practice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Vance ED, Brookes PC, Jenkinson DS (1987) An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 19, 703–707.
| An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXjs1KqsA%3D%3D&md5=744b63f3d4f9c062abfa4faa04452309CAS |
Wright AL, Hons FM, Matocha JE (2005) Tillage impacts on microbial biomass and soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics of corn and cotton rotations. Applied Soil Ecology 29, 85–92.
| Tillage impacts on microbial biomass and soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics of corn and cotton rotations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Zinn YL, Lal R, Resck DVS (2005) Texture and organic carbon relation described by a profile pedotransfer function in Brazilian Cerrado soils. Geoderma 127, 168–173.
| Texture and organic carbon relation described by a profile pedotransfer function in Brazilian Cerrado soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXltFWjs78%3D&md5=78704dce6d927afd3dc6a440e71e518cCAS |
