Changes on chemical fractions of heavy metals in Chilean soils amended with sewage sludge affected by a thermal impact
Mónica Antilén A D , Nadia Araya A , Margarita Briceno B and Mauricio Escudey CA Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuna Mackenna 4860, 6904411, Santiago, Chile.
B Departamento de Química, Universidad Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Casilla 12, Iquique, Chile.
C Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. B.O’Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.
D Corresponding author. Email: mantilen@uc.cl
Australian Journal of Soil Research 44(6) 619-625 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR06063
Submitted: 16 January 2006 Accepted: 14 June 2006 Published: 15 September 2006
Abstract
Forest fires are frequent in central-southern Chile; high temperatures may affect chemical fractions of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Mo, Cr, and Mn) naturally present in soils and those coming from sewage sludge amendment. Changes in exchangeable, sorbed, organic, carbonate, and residual heavy metals fractions, evaluated by sequential extraction, were observed after heating at 400°C in 2 amended volcanic soils.
Most significant heavy metals in these samples were Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni. A significant increment in the total content of organic matter and metal ions, such as Zn and Cu, was observed in amended soils with respect to controls. In all samples, sorbed and exchangeable forms represent <10% of the total amount, while organic and carbonate fractions represent 24 and 48%, respectively. The thermal treatment of amended soil samples results in a redistribution of the organic fraction, mainly into more insoluble carbonate and residual fractions such as oxides. Finally, the thermal impact is much more important on sewage sludge amended soils if a heavy metal remediation process is considered, reducing the mobility and solubility of heavy metals supported by sewage sludge, minimising leaching and promoting accumulations in surface horizons.
Additional keywords: heavy metal pollution, forest fire, chemical fractions, volcanic soils, sewage sludge, waste disposal.
Acknowledgment
This study was supported by DIPUC No. 2003 16/E2 and FONDECYT (grant 1030778).
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