Reclamation of steeply sloping coal spoil banks under Mediterranean semi-arid climate

Abstract

Deep coal mining activities in the Ebro Valley, north-eastern Spain, are important elements of the economy. A method for reclamation of high slope (30-56%) spoil banks under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions was assayed using amended mine spoils (with pig slurry and straw) as substrate due to the lack of topsoil. Sixteen experimental plots, divided into 4 sets according to slope aspect, gradient, and length, were established in October 1998. Two types of substrate and 4 types of seed mixes were used. Substrate, runoff, and vegetation properties were monitored.