A recent study employing phylogenetic and population genetic analyses has demonstrated that the important model plant, Nicotiana benthamiana, is not a single species but instead comprises five species that are geographically and morphologically distinct. Here, we describe four new species in the N. benthamiana complex and illustrate all five.

The taxonomic states of the Darling lily (Crinum flaccidum) and the Andamooka lily (Crinum luteolum) is unclear. Novel chloroplast DNA sequencing and morphological variation have been utilised to resolve these as two distinct groups. These groups appear to correspond to major drainage systems, consistent with water-mediated dispersal.

The Eucalyptus odorata complex comprises between 3 and 12 mallee species from the south-eastern Australian mainland, which have been the subject of much taxonomic contention. We build a phylogenetic tree of this complex to help understand the relationships among species and populations that occur in distinct regions and vary in their morphology. We show that most species are not genetically distinct from one another, and more work is needed to clarify species boundaries in the group.