Bipinnate acacias (Acacia subg. Phyllodineae sect. Botrycephalae) of eastern Australia are polyphyletic based on DNA sequence data
Gillian K. Brown A B D , Siti R. Ariati A B , Daniel J. Murphy B , Joseph T. H. Miller C and Pauline Y. Ladiges AA School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
B Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Ave, South Yarra, Vic. 3141, Australia.
C The Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 5242, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: browngk@unimelb.edu.au
Australian Systematic Botany 19(4) 315-326 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB05039
Submitted: 30 November 2005 Accepted: 15 May 2006 Published: 25 August 2006
Abstract
A phylogenetic analysis of Acacia subg. Phyllodineae sect. Botrycephalae, endemic to eastern Australia, is presented based on a combined dataset of ITS and ETS sequences of nrDNA. A smaller set of species was sequenced also for the cpDNA trnK region. A limited number of morphological characters was also combined with the ITS+ETS dataset for most taxa. Thirty-eight of 41 Botrycephalae species were sequenced, together with a sample of ten uninerved phyllodinous species (sect. Phyllodineae). Although these DNA regions showed limited sequence divergence, bootstrap supported nodes of the consensus ITS+ETS tree indicate that Botrycephalae as currently defined is polyphyletic. Eight bipinnate species fell outside the main clade of Botrycephalae species while seven phyllodinous species were nested within it, near the base. The few derived but homoplasious morphological characters that were discovered included: presence of appressed unicellular hairs, presence of jugary and interjugary glands, number of pinnae > 7 and the funicle half–fully encircling the seed. Section Botrycephalae requires redefinition.
Acknowledgments
We thank Stuart Gardner for technical assistance, and for Gareth Nelson for reading the manuscript. Funding was provided by ARC Linkage Grant No. LP0347206; SR Ariati is supported by an Australian Development Scholarship.
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