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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 29(2)

Floristic and structural contrasts between natural savannas and anthropogenic pastures in a tropical dry landscape

L. I. López-Olmedo A , J. A. Meave A B and E. A. Pérez-García A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México 04510, D.F., Mexico.

B Corresponding author. Email: jamdc@fciencias.unam.mx

The Rangeland Journal 29(2) 181-190 https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ07007
Submitted: 14 February 2007  Accepted: 20 September 2007   Published: 14 November 2007

Abstract

The magnitude of the biological differentiation between natural savannas and pastures (anthropogenic grasslands) coexisting in a single landscape, in terms of their floristic composition and community structure, was studied in the Nizanda region, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico. Vegetation samples of 15 m2 each were taken at 20 savanna and 11 pasture sites. Cover- and species richness-based diversity and dominance indices were calculated. Geomorphological and edaphic characteristics were also compared. Savannas generally occurred in hill summits with very shallow and stony, discontinuous and acidic soils; contrastingly, pastures were located in piedmonts and floodplains, with more neutral and less stony soils. Savanna sites differed from pasture sites in species richness and Shannon diversity. They did not differ in Simpson dominance index, but the identity of the dominant species was different in each community: Trachypogon spicatus (L.f.) Kuntze in savanna and Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K.Simon et S.W.L.Jacobs in pasture. A low species-level similarity (Sørensen Index) was observed between them (8.2%), and genus-level similarity was only slightly higher (27.1%). The magnitude of the biological differentiation in both community floristics and structure between these two grass-dominated communities was larger than anticipated. Current management of savannas as pasture lands may potentially trigger a severe deterioration process involving both the landscape and its plant components.

Additional keywords: cattle ranching, grasslands, Megathyrsus maximus, Trachypogon spicatus, vegetation structure.


Acknowledgements

We are indebted to the people of Nizanda, particularly to the Reyes–Manuel family for their hospitality and support. A. Chain, I. López, M. A. Romero, J. A. Sierra, and H. Tovar assisted during fieldwork. O. Huber and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments to a previous version of this paper. This study was funded by CONABIO (L085) and CONACYT-SEMARNAT (2002-C01-0267). L.I.L-O. was supported by a graduate scholarship (No. 169865) from CONACyT.


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