Rat diaphragm during postnatal development. I. Changes in distribution of muscle fibre type and in oxidative potential

Abstract

The changes occurring in the histochemical characteristics of the rat diaphragm during the postnatal period were examined. Fibre-type distribution, fibre oxidative capacity, i.e. succinate-dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, and cross-sectional area were compared in the costal (COS) and crural (CRU) regions, and across their abdominal and thoracic surfaces. The proportions of type I and IIb fibres in both COS and CRU increased with age, while the proportion of type IIa fibres progressively decreased. For COS, fibre distribution was homogeneous over the entire muscle and did not change after 4 weeks. For CRU, it was heterogeneous with a higher proportion of type I fibres on the thoracic surface as from the first week. All fibre types significantly increased in cross-sectional area between 1 and 8 weeks, with no significant differences in COS and CRU. Mean SDH activity did not differ between COS and CRU or across the muscles. Mean SDH activities-were low and identical in all fibre types at birth, and then increased, peaking at the 6th week in type I and IIa fibres. When total muscle fibre oxidative capacity was calculated from an index including fibre-type proportion, cross-sectional area and mean SDH activity, it was significantly higher at 1 than at 8 weeks after birth; this might have functional implications for the newborn.