Intra and intercellular signals governing sperm maturation
Clémence Belleannée A * , Arabela Guedes De Azevedo Viana B and Camille Lavoie-Ouellet AA Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, Center for Research in Reproduction, Development and Intergenerational Health (CRDSI), CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada.
B Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 35(2) 27-38 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD22226
Published online: 26 October 2022
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the IETS
Abstract
After their production in the testis, spermatozoa do not have the capacity to move progressively and are unable to fertilise an oocyte. They sequentially acquire these abilities following their maturation in the epididymis and their capacitation/hyperactivation in the female reproductive system. As gene transcription is silenced in spermatozoa, extracellular factors released from the epididymal epithelium and from secretory glands allow spermatozoa to acquire bioactive molecules and to undergo intrinsic modifications. These modifications include epigenetic changes and post-translational modifications of endogenous proteins, which are important processes in sperm maturation. This article emphasises the roles played by extracellular factors secreted by the epididymis and accessory glands in the control of sperm intercellular signallings and fertilising abilities.
Keywords: calcium, epididymis, extracellular vesicles, post-translational modifications, seminal plasma, signalling, small non-coding RNAs, spermatozoa.
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