Embryonic diapause in mammals and dormancy in embryonic stem cells with the European roe deer as experimental model
Vera A. van der Weijden A * , Anna B. Rüegg A * , Sandra M. Bernal-Ulloa A and Susanne E. Ulbrich A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
B Corresponding author. Email: seu@ethz.ch
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33(2) 76-81 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD20256
Published: 8 January 2021
Journal Compilation © IETS 2021 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
In species displaying embryonic diapause, the developmental pace of the embryo is either temporarily and reversibly halted or largely reduced. Only limited knowledge on its regulation and the inhibition of cell proliferation extending pluripotency is available. In contrast with embryos from other diapausing species that reversibly halt during diapause, embryos of the roe deer Capreolus capreolus slowly proliferate over a period of 4–5 months to reach a diameter of approximately 4 mm before elongation. The diapausing roe deer embryos present an interesting model species for research on preimplantation developmental progression. Based on our and other research, we summarise the available knowledge and indicate that the use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) would help to increase our understanding of embryonic diapause. We report on known molecular mechanisms regulating embryonic diapause, as well as cellular dormancy of pluripotent cells. Further, we address the promising application of ESCs to study embryonic diapause, and highlight the current knowledge on the cellular microenvironment regulating embryonic diapause and cellular dormancy.
Keywords: dormancy, embryonic diapause, embryonic stem cells, European roe deer Capreolus capreolus.
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