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Reproduction, Fertility and Development Reproduction, Fertility and Development Society
Vertebrate reproductive science and technology
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) promotes transcriptional activation of the decidual prolactin gene via CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein in human endometrial stromal cells

Kazuya Kusama A , Kazuhiro Tamura B F , Hanako Bai C , Toshihiro Sakurai D , Hirotaka Nishi E , Keiichi Isaka E , Kazuhiko Imakawa A and Mikihiro Yoshie B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Animal Resource Science Centre, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.

B Department of Endocrine and Neural Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.

C Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan.

D Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.

E Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.

F Corresponding author. Email: hiro@toyaku.ac.jp

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30(11) 1454-1461 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD17483
Submitted: 26 November 2017  Accepted: 10 April 2018   Published: 8 May 2018

Abstract

Protein kinase A (PKA) signalling accompanies elevated intracellular cAMP levels during endometrial stromal cell (ESC) decidualisation. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), an alternate mediator of cAMP signalling, promotes PKA analogue-induced decidualisation; however, the precise mechanism by which EPAC and PKA co-operatively stimulate decidualisation has not been characterised. To examine the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) in EPAC- and PKA-mediated decidualisation of primary human ESCs, a reporter plasmid containing the 332 bp region upstream from the transcription initiation site of the decidual prolactin (dPRL) gene was generated and the promoter activity was evaluated using a luciferase assay. The dPRL promoter activity was increased by treatment of transfected ESCs with the PKA-selective cAMP analogue N6-phenyl-cAMP (Phe) and enhanced further by co-treatment with the EPAC-selective cAMP analogue 8-(4-chlorophenyltio)-2′-O-methyl cAMP (CPT). Treatment with forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, had a similar effect on reporter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the C/EBPβ- and/or C/EBPδ-binding site in the dPRL promoter abolished Phe/CPT-mediated elevation of the reporter activity. EPAC2 knockdown markedly reduced Phe-stimulated C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ mRNA levels, as well as forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) protein levels. These results suggest that EPAC signalling enhances PKA-mediated dPRL expression in ESCs by acting on C/EBP response elements in the promoter region of the gene.

Additional keywords: endometrium, decidialisation, protein kinase A, pregnancy.


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