Effect of melatonin on bovine theca cells in vitro
T. Feng A , L. F. Schutz B C , B. C. Morrell B , M. C. Perego B and L. J. Spicer B D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
B Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
C Present address: College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: leon.spicer@okstate.edu
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30(4) 643-650 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD17203
Submitted: 31 May 2017 Accepted: 11 September 2017 Published: 4 October 2017
Abstract
Melatonin affects granulosa cell function in several species but its function in theca cells is less clear, particularly in monotocous animals. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of melatonin on theca cell steroidogenesis, gene expression and cell proliferation in a monotocous species, namely cattle. Ovaries were collected from a local bovine abattoir, from which theca cells were isolated from large (8–22 mm) follicles and treated with various hormones in serum-free medium for 24 h or 48 h. Melatonin caused a dose-dependent inhibition (P < 0.05) of LH+insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-induced androstenedione and progesterone production. Also, melatonin inhibited (P < 0.05) LH+IGF1-induced expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA (via real-time polymerase chain reaction) in theca cells, but it had no effect (P > 0.10) on cytochrome P450 11A1 (CYP11A1) and cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1) mRNA abundance. In LH+IGF1-treated theca cells, melatonin decreased caspase 3 (CASP3) mRNA to levels similar to those observed in LH-treated theca cells. In contrast, melatonin increased (P < 0.05) the number of bovine theca cells in both LH- and LH+IGF1-treated cultures. In conclusion, melatonin may act as an endocrine regulator of ovarian function in cattle by stimulating theca cell proliferation and inhibiting differentiation via inhibition of hormone-induced steroidogenesis.
Additional keywords: caspase 3, cattle, cytochrome P450 11A1, cytochrome P450 17A1, ovarian follicle, steroidogenesis.
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