Genetic tools to improve reproduction traits in dairy cattle
A. Capitan A B F , P. Michot A B , A. Baur A B , R. Saintilan A B , C. Hozé A B , D. Valour A D , F. Guillaume C , D. Boichon E , A. Barbat B , D. Boichard B , L. Schibler A and S. Fritz A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A UNCEIA (Union Nationale des Coopératives d’Elevage et d’Insémination Animale), 149 rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France.
B INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
C EVOLUTION, 69 rue de la Motte Brûlon, 35706 Rennes, France.
D INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
E MIDATEST, Les Nauzes, 81580 Soual, France.
F Corresponding author. Email: aurelien.capitan@unceia.fr
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27(1) 14-21 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD14379
Published: 4 December 2014
Abstract
Fertility is a major concern in the dairy cattle industry and has been the subject of numerous studies over the past 20 years. Surprisingly, most of these studies focused on rough female phenotypes and, despite their important role in reproductive success, male- and embryo-related traits have been poorly investigated. In recent years, the rapid and important evolution of technologies in genetic research has led to the development of genomic selection. The generalisation of this method in combination with the achievements of the AI industry have led to the constitution of large databases of genotyping and sequencing data, as well as refined phenotypes and pedigree records. These resources offer unprecedented opportunities in terms of fundamental and applied research. Here we present five such examples with a focus on reproduction-related traits: (1) detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for male fertility and semen quality traits; (2) detection of QTL for refined phenotypes associated with female fertility; (3) identification of recessive embryonic lethal mutations by depletion of homozygous haplotypes; (4) identification of recessive embryonic lethal mutations by mining whole-genome sequencing data; and (5) the contribution of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism chips, whole-genome sequencing and imputation to increasing the power of QTL detection methods and to the identification of causal variants.
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