Inactivated Sendai-virus-mediated fusion improves early development of cloned bovine embryos by avoiding endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-associated apoptosis
Bong-Seok Song A G , Ji-Su Kim A G , Seung-Bin Yoon A B G , Kyu-Sun Lee C , Deog-Bon Koo B , Dong-Seok Lee D , Young-Kug Choo E , Jae-Won Huh A , Sang-Rae Lee A , Sun-Uk Kim A , Sang-Hyun Kim A , Hwan Mook Kim F and Kyu-Tae Chang A H
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
B Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea.
C Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
D College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
E Department of Life Science, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
F Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Chungnam 339–700, Repubic of Korea.
G These authors contributed equally to this work.
H Corresponding author. Email: changkt@kribb.re.kr
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23(6) 826-836 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD10194
Submitted: 6 August 2010 Accepted: 25 March 2011 Published: 13 July 2011
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a powerful tool, not only for producing cloned animals, but also in revealing various early developmental events. However, relatively little is known regarding the biological events and underlying mechanism(s) directly associated with early development of SCNT embryos. Here, we show that production of high-quality bovine SCNT blastocysts is dependent on the method used for fusion and the associated reduction in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. During fusion between the donor cell and the enucleated oocyte, electrofusion triggers spontaneous oocyte activation, accompanied by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and improper nuclear remodelling. These events can be greatly reduced by the use of Sendai virus (SV)-mediated fusion. Moreover, SV-SCNT improves the blastulation rate and blastocyst quality, defined by the number and ratio of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells in each blastocyst, in comparison with electrofusion-mediated SCNT (E-SCNT). Interestingly, expression of ER-stress-associated genes and blastomere apoptosis were significantly increased in E-SCNT embryos. These increases could be reversed by inhibition of ER stress or by using the SV-mediated fusion method. Collectively, these results indicate that SV-mediated fusion improves the developmental competence and quality of SCNT blastocysts, by reducing ER-stress-associated apoptosis.
Additional keywords: electrofusion, somatic cell nuclear transfer.
References
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