Could zinc prevent reproductive alterations caused by cigarette smoke in male rats?
Patrícia Carvalho Garcia A B , Renata Carolina Piffer A B , Daniela Cristina Cecatto Gerardin C , Michele Kimie Sankako B , Rodrigo Otávio Alves de Lima D and Oduvaldo Câmara Marques Pereira A B E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Medical Clinics, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, 18618-970 Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
B Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, 18618-970 Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
C Department of Physiological Sciences, Londrina State University – UEL, 86051-990 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
D Basic Department of Health – Pathology, Center of Health Sciences, Maringa State University – UEM, 87020-900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
E Corresponding author. Email: pereira@ibb.unesp.br
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24(4) 559-567 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD10063
Submitted: 26 March 2010 Accepted: 23 September 2011 Published: 17 November 2011
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of zinc on fertility through semen parameters, testosterone level and oxidative DNA damage to spermatozoa of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Male Wistar rats (60 days old) were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group): control, cigarette-smoking (20 cigarettes per day), zinc (zinc chloride 20 mg kg–1 day–1) and zinc plus cigarette-smoking (zinc chloride 20 mg kg–1 day–1; 20 cigarettes per day). The treatment was applied for nine weeks and the following parameters were analysed: bodyweight, wet weights of the reproductive organs and the adrenal gland, plasma testosterone concentration, testicular function (seminal analysis and daily sperm production) and sperm DNA oxidative damage. The exposure to cigarette smoke decreased testosterone concentration, the percentage of normal morphology and the motility of spermatozoa. In addition, this exposure increased sperm DNA oxidative damage. Zinc treatment protected against the toxic damage that smoking caused to spermatozoa. This study showed a correlation between smoking and possible male infertility and subfertility, and also that the majority of smoking-induced changes in spermatozoa were prevented by zinc treatment. In conclusion, zinc, an antioxidant and stimulant of cell division, can be indicated as a promising treatment in men with infertility caused by the toxic components of cigarette smoke.
Additional keywords: semen parameters, spermatozoa, testicular function.
References
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