Evolution of Ferromagnetism in LaMnO3+δ

Abstract

An extensive study has been made of the magnetic properties of LaMnO_3+δ with finely tuned hole concentrations, x (=2δ), ranging between 0·08 and 0·15. As x increases in the range studied, the spontaneous magnetisation at low temperature increases from only about 20% to almost 100% of the value for full polarisation of Mn spins, and the coercivity H_c decreases by more than an order of magnitude, e.g. from 4·2 kOe to 120 Oe at 5 K. The magnetic ordering temperature T_c takes a minimum at x = x_c ~ 0·12. For x < x_c, the inverse susceptibility shows a marked decrease as T_c is approached from above. Measurements of minor hysteresis loops for the sample with x = 0·08 show that magnetisation is reversible with respect to field changes except near H_c. These observations are discussed in terms of a two-phase exchange coupling (TPEC) model in which it is assumed that at low temperature the system separates into two phases, a hole-free antiferromagnetic phase and an optimally doped ferromagnetic phase, and the two phases are coupled through superexchange interactions at the interface.