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Pacific Conservation Biology Pacific Conservation Biology Society
A journal dedicated to conservation and wildlife management in the Pacific region.
REVIEW (Open Access)

Overlooked and undervalued: the neglected role of fauna and a global bias in ecological restoration assessments

Sophie L. Cross https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-6811 A F , Sean Tomlinson A B , Michael D. Craig C D , Kingsley W. Dixon A and Philip W. Bateman E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.

B Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Kattij Close, Kings Park, WA 6005, Australia.

C School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

D School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.

E School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.

F Corresponding author: sophie.cross@postgrad.curtin.edu.au

Pacific Conservation Biology 25(4) 331-341 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC18079
Submitted: 15 October 2018  Accepted: 16 December 2018   Published: 25 January 2019

Journal Compilation © CSIRO 2019 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND

Abstract

Globally increasing rates of mine site discontinuations are resulting in the need for immediate implementation of effective conservation and management strategies. Surveying vegetation structure is a common method of assessing restoration success; however, responses of fauna to mine site restoration remain largely overlooked and understudied despite their importance within ecosystems as ecological engineers, pollinators, and restoration facilitators. Here we review the current state of the use of fauna in assessments of mine site restoration success globally, and address biases or shortcomings that indicate the assessment approach may undershoot closure and restoration success. We identified just 101 peer-reviewed publications or book chapters over a 49-year period that assess responses of fauna to mine site restoration globally. Most studies originate in Australia, with an emphasis on just one company. Assessments favour general species diversity and richness, with a particular focus on invertebrate responses to mine site restoration. Noteworthy issues included biases towards origin of study, study type, and target taxa. Further searches of the grey literature relating to fauna monitoring in mine site restoration, which was far more difficult to access, yielded six monitoring/guidance documents, three conference proceedings, two book chapters without empirical data, and a bulletin. As with peer-reviewed publications, grey literature focussed on invertebrate responses to restoration, or mentioned fauna only at the most basic level. We emphasise the need for global re-evaluation of regulatory standards to address these major limitations in assessing the capacity of the mining industry to comprehensively and representatively restore faunal communities after mining.

Additional keywords: mine, rehabilitation


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